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Creators/Authors contains: "Vásquez, Fabiola"

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  1. ABSTRACT An increasing body of evidence has displayed upslope shifts in the high-diversity avian communities of tropical mountains. Such shifts have largely been attributed to warming climates, although their actual mechanisms remain poorly understood. One likely possibility is that changes in species-specific demographic rates underlie elevational range shifts. Fine-scale population monitoring and capture–mark–recapture (CMR) analysis could shed light on these mechanisms, but, until recently, analytical constraints have limited our ability to model multiple demographic rates across bird communities while accounting for transient individuals. Here, we used Bayesian hierarchical multi-species CMR models to estimate the apparent survival, recruitment, and realized population growth rates of 17 bird species along an elevational gradient in the cloud forests of Honduras. For 6 species, we also modeled demographic rates across elevation and time. Although demographic rates varied among species, population growth rates tended to be higher in lower elevation species. Moreover, some species showed higher population growth rates at higher elevations, and elevational differences in growth rates were positively associated with previous estimates of upslope shifts at the study site. We also found that demographic rates showed contrasting trends across the duration of the study, with recruitment decreasing and apparent survival increasing, and stronger effects at lower elevations. Collectively, we provide the methodological tools to encourage more multi-species demographic analyses in other systems, while highlighting the potential for the demographic impacts of global change. We provide a Spanish translation in the Supplementary Materials. 
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  2. Honduras cuenta con 349,510 hectáreas cultivadas con café Coffea arabica, que son en su mayoría cultivos tradicionales (café sombra y café sol), y en menor escala cultivos con sistema Dosel Abierto Integrado (DAI). El sistema de café DAI consiste en plantaciones de café rodeadas por bosque en una proporción ≥ 1:1, lo que permite la preservación y la restauración de ecosistemas nativos. El objetivo de nuestra investigación fue evaluar el sistema DAI en cultivos de café como una alternativa de conservación para las aves migratorias neártico-neotropicales y aves residentes. Evaluamos características ecológicas, como la riqueza y abundancia de especies, entre los meses de noviembre de 2018 a abril de 2019. Establecimos 75 puntos de conteo de radio fijo en una zona cafetalera del departamento de Yoro, Honduras. Estadísticamente no registramos diferencias significativas en la riqueza de aves migratorias entre los sistemas de bosque, café DAI y cultivos de café tradicionales. Sin embargo, la riqueza de especies dependientes de bosque fue mayor en los sistema bosque y cultivos de café DAI que en cultivos tradicionales. Además, algunas especies dependientes de bosque, como Myioborus miniatus y Mionectes oleagineus, fueron más abundantes (P < 0.05) en bosque y cultivos de café DAI que en cultivos de café tradicionales. Nuestros resultados se suman a los reportados en Costa Rica, en donde se introdujo este agroecosistema de cultivo de café, en los que se indica que el café DAI puede ser una alternativa para la conservación de aves migratorias y residentes, en particular para especies dependientes de bosque. 
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